![]() ![]() During the Ming dynasty, Wu Cheng En wrote the novel San Guo Yan Xi (三国演义), Romance of the three Kingdoms, using the Three Kingdoms period as a backdrop and immortalized Guan Yu and his sworn brothers. His popularity and the respect he commanded are reflected by the list of posthumous honors bestowed on him by subsequent emperors. This idea offered motivation and role model for Chinese migrants when they arrive in their host society. Guan Yu’s brotherhood pact with Liu Bei and Zhang Fei provides strong imagery and symbolism for friends to look after each other in times of hardship. Guan Gong cultureĪfter his death, General Guan Yu became the embodiment of loyalty, righteous, bravery and benevolence(忠义勇仁). ![]() During a battle with Wu forces, Guan Yu was captured and beheaded. As an individual, he was respected for his loyalty and righteousness. With this development, Chinese history entered the Three Kingdoms Period, (三国时代) a political scene that lasted for 60 years from CE 220 to 280.Īs a General, Guan Yu was well known for this integrity, and bravery. When the regional powers Cao Cao (曹操) and Sun Quan (孙权) proclaimed themselves Emperors Wei (魏) and Wu (吴), Liu Bei declared himself the Emperor of Shu (蜀) with the aim of restoring the Han dynasty, often referred to as Shu-Han (蜀汉). Liu Bei was the eldest of the three brothers Guan Yu was the second brother and Zhang Fei the youngest. They became sworn brothers at the Peach Garden (桃园结义) and vowed to work together towards the revival of the Han Dynasty. He had met two other persons with the same ideal Liu Bei, (刘备)a distant member of the Han royal family and Zhang Fei (张飞). Guan Yu belonged to the group who aspired to restore the Han Dynasty. Nevertheless, others remained loyal to the Han dynasty and sought to restore the power of the Han Emperor. They aspired to be rulers of their own empire. The most severe of these movements was the Yellow Turban Rebellion (黄巾起义).Īs the political disintegration intensified, regional warlords were no longer contented to be the power behind the throne. Meanwhile, disenfranchised peasant began series of uprising. Powerful clans and court officials fought against each other to become the power behind the throne. Towards the end of the Han dynasty (汉朝), the emperor had been reduced to a nominal ruler. Guan Yu (关羽) was a historical person who lived in China during the Three Kingdoms period, (三国) (CE 220-CE 280).
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